Elbow 90°

1. Buttweld 90° Elbow (Industrial & Process Piping)

Used in welded pipeline systems (standard: ASME B16.9 / MSS SP-43).

Plaintext

• Long Radius (LR): Center-to-face distance is $1.5 \times \text{Nominal Pipe Size (NPS)}$. Offers lower friction and less pressure drop; this is the default standard for most process lines.

• Short Radius (SR): Center-to-face distance is $1.0 \times \text{NPS}$. Used in tight-clearance spaces or compact equipment skids.

• Ends: Beveled ends (for buttwelding directly to pipe).

2. Forged / Threaded & Socket Weld 90° Elbow (High Pressure)

Used for small-bore piping ($1/2''$ to $4''$) under high pressure (standard: ASME B16.11, Class 3000 / 6000).

• Socket Weld (SW): Features recessed internal shoulders where the cut pipe slips inside before being fillet-welded around the rim.

• Threaded (NPT / BSPT): Features female internal threads on both ends to screw directly onto male pipe ends without welding.

• Visual Profile: Heavier, thicker-walled body with raised outer reinforcement ribs or banded ends around the sockets.

3. Sanitary / Handrail 90° Elbow (Thin-Wall & Architectural)

• Sanitary (Tri-Clamp / Weld): Smooth, highly polished (Ra < 0.8 µm) internal finish for food, dairy, and pharmaceutical lines (standard: DIN 11852 / 3A / BS 4825).

• Handrail Flush Elbow: Mandrel-bent with tight radii, often featuring internal friction spigots/sleeves that slip inside 1.5" (38.1 mm) or 2" (50.8 mm) round tubing for a seamless, weld-free look.